ChatGPTを使って、TOEIC問題集を作成しました。
英文本文:
The presidential system of government is a form of democratic governance in which an elected president serves as both the head of state and the head of government. This system is characterized by a clear separation of powers between the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of government. The president, typically elected by the citizens of the country, holds significant executive authority, including the power to enforce laws, appoint government officials, and represent the nation both domestically and internationally. In contrast to parliamentary systems, where the head of government is often separate from the head of state, the president in a presidential system fulfills both roles. The effectiveness and stability of a presidential system depend on the balance of power among the branches of government and the ability of the president to work with the legislature to enact policies and laws that benefit the country.
問題と選択肢:
Question: What is a defining characteristic of the presidential system of government?
A) Limited executive authority
B) Unified legislative and executive branches
C) Separation of powers
D) Appointment of the head of state by the legislature
本文の日本語訳:
大統領制は、選出された大統領が国家元首および政府首脳の両方を務める形態の民主的な統治形態です。この制度は、行政、立法、司法の三権の明確な権限分立を特徴としています。大統領は、通常、国民によって選出され、法の執行、政府の役人の任命、国内外での国を代表する権限など、重要な行政権限を持っています。首相と国家元首が分離される議院内閣制とは異なり、大統領制では大統領が両方の役割を果たします。大統領制の効果と安定性は、政府の三権のバランスと、大統領が立法府と協力して国に利益をもたらす政策や法を制定する能力に依存しています。
解答と説明:
解答: C) Separation of powers
説明: 英文中で、「This system is characterized by a clear separation of powers between the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of government.」と述べられています。したがって、大統領制の特徴の一つは、「権力の三権の明確な分離」です。選択肢 C)「権力の分離」が該当します。
